Together with Shepherd's Idyll, this painting was probably commissioned by Roslin d'Ivry for the Château d'Hénonville. At the end of his life Boucher painted numerous large decorative canvases, often culling motifs from other paintings and drawings. Several of the figures here seem to be based on Boucher's memory of earlier works.
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Title:Washerwomen
Artist:François Boucher (French, Paris 1703–1770 Paris)
Date:1768
Medium:Oil on canvas
Dimensions:95 x 93 in. (241.3 x 236.2 cm)
Classification:Paintings
Credit Line:Gift of Julia A. Berwind, 1953
Accession Number:53.225.2
Washerwomen and Shepherd’s Idyll (53.225.1), Boucher’s largest late works, hark back to the pastoral style the artist had developed more than thirty years before, in the early 1730s. In the last full year of his life, 1769, demonstrating his continuing vitality in old age, he painted six mythologies, probably commissioned by Jean François Bergeret de Frouville (1719–1783), all on a similarly grand scale. The pair of paintings catalogued here came to light at the estate auction of baron Léopold Roslin d’Ivry (died 1883), and Alastair Laing has suggested that they may have been commissioned by Jean Marie Roslin, seigneur d’Ivry, for the family château at Hénonville. The seigneur d’Ivry was connected through his wife to Pierre Jacques Onésyme Bergeret de Grancourt (1715–1785), Jean-François’s older brother and one of Boucher’s most important patrons.
Katharine Baetjer 2014
Inscription: Signed and dated (lower right): fBoucher.1768
probably Jean-Baptiste Paulin Hector Edme Roslin, seigneur d'Ivry, château d'Hénonville, near Beauvais (until d. 1790); his grandson, baron Jean-Baptiste Marie Roslin d'Ivry, château d'Hénonville (1790–d. 1839); his son, baron Léopold Roslin d'Ivry, Paris (1839–d. 1883; his estate sale, Galerie Georges Petit, Paris, May 7, 1884, no. 4 (with no. 3), for Fr 40,000 each, to Fezensac); his son-in-law, Philippe de Montesquiou-Fezensac, duc de Fezensac, Paris (from 1884); [Gimpel & Wildenstein, Paris and New York, until 1907/8; sold (with 53.225.1) for $45,000 to Berwind]; Edward J. Berwind, Newport and New York (1907/8–d. 1936); his sister, Julia A. Berwind, New York (1936–53)
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "François Boucher, 1703–1770," February 17–May 4, 1986, no. 80.
Detroit Institute of Arts. "François Boucher, 1703–1770," May 27–August 17, 1986, no. 80.
Paris. Galeries nationales du Grand Palais. "François Boucher, 1703–1770," September 19, 1986–January 5, 1987, no. 80.
Tokyo Metropolitan Art Museum. "Earth, Sea, and Sky: Nature in Western Art—Masterpieces from The Metropolitan Museum of Art," October 6, 2012–January 4, 2013.
Paul Eudel. L'Hôtel Drouot et la curiosité en 1883–1884. Paris, 1885, pp. 332, 335, records that after baron d'Ivry's death the contents of the château at Hénonville were transferred by his son to Paris, rue de la Baume, where the author "recently" saw the present picture and its pendant in the anteroom; states that at the 1884 sale the two were bought back by the family for Fr 80,000.
H. Thirion. La vie privée des financiers au XVIIIe siècle. Paris, 1895, pp. 331–32.
L. Soullié in collaboration with Charles Masson in André Michel. Catalogue raisonné de l'oeuvre peint et dessiné de François Boucher. Paris, [1906], p. 99, no. 1751.
Georges Pannier in Pierre de Nolhac. François Boucher, premier peintre du roi, 1703–1770. Paris, 1907, p. 140.
W. G. Menzies in Haldane Macfall. Boucher: The Man, His Times, His Art, and His Significance, 1703–1770. London, 1908, pp. 149, 153, as sold in 1844.
Josephine L. Allen and Elizabeth E. Gardner. A Concise Catalogue of the European Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1954, p. 11, as "Rustic Landscape with Figures by a Stream".
"Ninety-first Annual Report of the Trustees for the Fiscal Year 1960–1961." Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 20 (October 1961), p. 35.
"Nouvelles acquisitions dans les musées durant l'année 1961." Chronique des arts et de la curiosité, supplément à la Gazette des beaux-arts, 6th ser., no. 1117 (February 1962), p. 24, ill.
Elizabeth E. Gardner. "Four French Paintings from the Berwind Collection." Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 20 (May 1962), pp. 265–69, ill. (overall and detail), speculates that this painting and its pendant were commissioned by Jean Marie Roslin, seigneur d'Ivry, for his Château de Bouglainval, near Maintenon.
Alexandre Ananoff with the collaboration of Daniel Wildenstein. François Boucher. Lausanne, 1976, vol. 1, p. 214; vol. 2, pp. 279–81, no. 655, fig. 1712, state that the two formed a group with nos. 682 and 683, both dated 1769 (confusing 682 and 683 with nos. 82 and 83); believe all four were made for the duc de Richelieu.
Mario Amaya and Eric M. Zafran. Treasures from The Chrysler Museum at Norfolk and Walter P. Chrysler, Jr. Exh. cat., Tennessee Fine Arts Center at Cheekwood, Nashville. Norfolk, Va., 1977, unpaginated, under no. 22, follow Ananoff and connect our pendants with the Chrysler and Frick pictures.
Donald Posner. "Book Reviews." Art Bulletin 60 (September 1978), p. 561, observes that Ananoff confused, as pendants to this picture, his cat. nos. 82 and 83 with nos. 682 and 683.
Regina Shoolman Slatkin. "The New Boucher Catalogue (Alexandre Ananoff)." Burlington Magazine 121 (February 1979), p. 120, follows Ananoff.
Denys Sutton. François Boucher. Exh. cat., Wildenstein & Co., Inc. New York, 1980, pp. 17, 45, notes that although Posner proposes that "Village Idyll" and the "Contented Fisherman" originally formed a group with the present picture and its pendant, the measurements differ greatly from our pair, which is not the case with the earlier ones in Pittsburgh and Norfolk.
Alexandre Ananoff with the collaboration of Daniel Wildenstein. L'opera completa di Boucher. Milan, 1980, p. 141, no. 693, colorpl. 59, mention a partial preparatory drawing for the present picture in the collection of Forsyth Wickes, and "another drawing, attributed to Boucher," in a private collection, Paris.
Alan E. Salz. French Paintings of the Eighteenth Century. Exh. cat., Didier Aaron Inc. New York, 1983, p. 59, suggests that a smaller Boucher "Laundresses" (no. 22, 22 3/8 x 24 5/8 in., about 1766–68) may be a "première pensée" for this composition.
Alan P. Wintermute. "Inventory of Paintings by the Ten 'First Painters to the King' in Public Collections in the United States." The First Painters of the King: French Royal Taste from Louis XIV to the Revolution. Ed. Colin B. Bailey. Exh. cat., Stair Sainty Matthiesen. New York, 1985, p. 132, no. 60, ill.
Alastair Laing inFrançois Boucher, 1703–1770. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1986, pp. 163, 305–9, no. 80, ill. (color) [French ed., 1986, pp. 167, 308–12, no. 80, ill. (color), as "Les lavandières"], comments on "a strong sentimentalizing process" in Boucher's late pastorales; suggests that "Bonheur au Village" and "Halte à la fontaine" from the Bayerische Landesbank once formed an ensemble with the Pittsburgh and Norfolk pictures; identifies Roslin d'Ivry as the probable patron; believes one of the two was the "very large Picture" on which Joshua Reynolds saw Boucher at work in 1768.
Jefferson C. Harrison. French Paintings from The Chrysler Museum. Exh. cat., Chrysler Museum at Norfolk. Norfolk, Va., 1986, p. 24 n. 5, questions Ananoff.
Georges Brunel. Boucher. London, 1986, fig. 176.
Denys Sutton. "Frivolity and Reason." Apollo 125 (February 1987), p. 97, follows Ananoff.
José-Luis de Los Llanos. Fragonard et le dessin français au XVIIIe siècle dans les collections du Petit Palais. Exh. cat., Petit Palais. Paris, 1992, p. 31, notes the similarity between the pose of the woman standing at left and the "Jeune fermière" by Boucher in an undated drawing at the Petit Palais.
Katharine Baetjer. European Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art by Artists Born Before 1865: A Summary Catalogue. New York, 1995, p. 375, ill.
Katharine Baetjer. French Paintings in The Metropolitan Museum of Art from the Early Eighteenth Century through the Revolution. New York, 2019, pp. 168–72, no. 47, ill. (color).
An engraving of this picture by Eugène André Champollion (1848–1901) is published in the Ivry sale catalogue.
A smaller version (72 x 90 cm), perhaps a copy after Boucher, appeared in the Sichel sale (Paris, March 1–5, 1886, no. 178) and in a more recent auction (Galerie Charpentier, Paris, March 20, 1959, no. 6, ill.).
After François Boucher (French, Paris 1703–1770 Paris)
before 1736
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