The stark and rhythmic lines of this sculpture are almost modern in their effect. In fact, this seemingly straightforward image of the infant Jesus seated rigidly on the Virgin’s lap represents a complex, medieval theological notion known as a Sedes Sapientiae (Throne of Wisdom), in which Mary serves as a throne for Christ, who in turn embodies divine wisdom. Placed on an altar, this imposing group was an object of veneration that could also be carried in procession or incorporated into a theatrical performance within a church. A circular cavity in the Virgin’s left shoulder suggests that the sculpture contained a relic. Recent conservation treatment has revealed remains of the original painted and applied metal decoration. A Virgin and Child (16.32.194) probably by the same artist is on view in the Main Building of The Metropolitan Museum of Art.
Credit Line:The Cloisters Collection and James J. Rorimer Memorial Fund, 1967
Object Number:67.153
From the chapel of Saint-Victor at Montvianeix, near Vichy.; M. Guérin, Clermont-Ferrand (by 1933) ; Mme. M. Favery, Paris (sold 1967) ; [ F. Kleinberger & Co., Inc., New York (sold 1967)]
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Patterns of Collecting: Selected Acquisitions, 1965–1975," December 6, 1975–March 23, 1976.
Bouillet, Jean-Baptiste. "Description archéologique des monuments celtiques, romains, et du moyen-âge, du département du Puy-de-Dôme, classés par arrondissements, cantons et communes." Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences, Belles Lettres et Arts de Clermont-Ferrand 16 (1874). p. 333.
Bréhier, Louis. "Les origines de la sculpture romane." Revue des Deux Mondes 10 (August 1912). p. 893, no. 4.
Bréhier, Louis. L'art chrétien, son développement iconographique des origines à nos jours. Paris: Henri Laurens, 1918. p. 223, n. 3.
Olivier, Paul. L'ancienne statue romane de Notre-Dame du Puy, Vierge noire miraculeuse; essai d'iconographie critique. Le Puy-en-Velay: Badiou-Amant, 1921. p. 14.
Bréhier, Louis. "La cathedrale de Clermont au Xe siècle et sa statue d'or de la Vierge." La renaissance de l'art français et des industries de luxe 7 (1924). p. 209.
Bréhier, Louis. L'art chrétien, son développement iconographique des origines à nos jours. 2nd ed. Paris: Renouard, 1928. p. 242, n. 1.
Bréhier, Louis. "Une Vierge romane au Musée de Genève." Genava 6 (1928). pp. 90–91, fig. 8.
Bréhier, Louis. "Notes sur les statues de Vierges romanes." Revue d'Auvergne 47, no. 6 (1933). pp. 193–98.
Bréhier, Louis. "À propos de l'origine des vierges noires." Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres 79, no. 3 (1935). pp. 383–84.
Durand-Lefebvre, Marie. Étude sur l'origine des Vierges noires. Paris: Henri Laurens, 1937. pp. 57, 106.
Mâle, Emile, Louis Bréhier, and Marcel Gromaire. Vierges romanes d'Auvergne. Le Point: Revue Artistique et Littéraire, Vol. 25. Souillac, 1943. pp. 18, 30, fig. 1, 43.
Saillens, Emile. Nos Vierges noires, leurs origines. Paris: Editions Universelles, 1945. pp. 11, 32.
Messerer, Wilhelm. Romanische Plastik in Frankreich. Cologne: DuMont-Schauberg, 1964. pp. 44–47, 178, n. 15, fig. 61.
Forsyth, Ilene H. The Throne of Wisdom: Wood Sculptures of the Madonna in Romanesque France. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972. no. 3, pp. 16–17, 19 n. 38, 136–37, 158–59, fig. 60-63.
Cahn, Walter. "Romanesque Sculpture in American Collections. XIII. Chicago, Bloomington and St. Louis." Gesta 13, no. 2 (1974). p. 51.
Cahn, Walter. "Review of The Throne of Wisdom: Wood Sculptures of the Madonna in Romanesque France by Ilene H. Forsyth." Speculum 50, no. 1 (January 1975). p. 112.
Cahn, Walter. "Romanesque Sculpture in American Collections. XIV. The South." Gesta 14, no. 2 (1975). p. 67.
Charrière, Georges. "La femme et l'équidé dans la mythologie française." Revue de l'histoire des religions 188, no. 2 (October 1975). p. 180.
Raggio, Olga, ed. "Medieval Art and the Cloisters." Notable Acquisitions (Metropolitan Museum of Art) no. 1965/1975 (1975). p. 150.
Raggio, Olga, ed. Patterns of Collecting: Selected Acquisitions, 1965-1975; Explanatory Texts. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1975. p. 17.
Young, Bonnie. A Walk Through The Cloisters. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1979. p. 35.
Barral I Altet, Xavier. Art roman en Auvergne. Rennes: Editions Ouest-France, 1984. p. 58.
Little, Charles T. "Romanesque Sculpture in North American Collections. XXVI. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. Part VI: Auvergne, Burgundy, Central France, Meuse Valley, Germany." Gesta 26, no. 2 (1987). no. 2, pp. 154–55, fig. 2.
Wixom, William D. "Medieval Sculpture at The Cloisters." The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin, n.s., 46, no. 3 (Winter 1988-1989). p. 42.
Young, Bonnie. A Walk Through The Cloisters. 5th ed. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1988. pp. 34–36.
Cassagnes-Brouquet, Sophie. Vierges noires: Regard et fascination. Rodez: Editions du Rouergue, 1990. pp. 162, 176.
Debaisieux, Francis, and François Graveline. Vierges romanes: Auvergne, Velay, Bourbonnais. Beaumont: Editions Debaisieux, 1999. p. 16.
Cassagnes-Brouquet, Sophie, and Jean-Pierre Cassagnes. Vierges noires. Rodez: Editions du Rouergue, 2000. pp. 153, 165.
Bayard, Jean-Pierre. Déesses mères et Vierges noires: Répertoire des Vierges noires par département. Monaco: Editions du Rocher, 2001. no. 63550, p. 248.
Kargère, Lucretia Goddard. "The Montvianex Madonna: Materials and Techniques in 12th-Century Auvergne." 13th Triennial Meeting, Rio de Janiero, 22-27 September 2002: Preprints 2 (2002). pp. 507–12.
Barnet, Peter, and Nancy Y. Wu. The Cloisters: Medieval Art and Architecture. New York and New Haven: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2005. no. 10, pp. 35, 193.
Norris, Michael. Medieval Art: A Resource for Educators. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2005. pp. 89–90, fig. 28.
Gaborit, Jean-René, and Dominique Faunières. Une vierge en majesté. Collection Solo, Vol. 41. Paris: Musée du Louvre Editions, 2009. pp. 13, 17, 23, n. 45.
Leona, Marco, and Roald Hoffmann. "Microanalysis of Organic Pigments and Glazes in Polychrome Works of Art by Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 106, no. 35 (September 1, 2009). pp. 14759–60, 14762, n. 32.
Leroy, Hélène, and Francis Debaisieux. Vierges romanes: portraits croisés. Beaumont: Editions Debaisieux, 2009. pp. 14, 26, 85, 97.
Kargère, Lucretia Goddard, and Adriana Rizzo. "Twelfth-Century French Polychrome Sculpture in The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Materials and Techniques." Metropolitan Museum Studies in Art, Science, and Technology 1 (2010). pp. 39–65, fig. 3, 13–16, 27–34.
Castiñeiras González, Manuel, and Judit Verdaguer. "Noves aportacions sobre la història i la tècnica de les pintures murals de Santa Caterina de la Seu d'Urgell: el Sant Sopar (MEV) i el Martiri de Santa Caterina (Fundació Abegg)." Quaderns del Museu Episcopal de Vic 5 (2011-2012). pp. 66, 77, n. 45.
Barnet, Peter, and Nancy Y. Wu. The Cloisters: Medieval Art and Architecture. 75th Anniversary ed. New York and New Haven: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2012. p. 33.
Kargère, Lucretia Goddard. "La sculpture romane polychrome sur bois en Auvergne et Bourgogne: étude technique de quatre sculptures du Metropolitan Museum de New York." Les Cahiers de Saint-Michel de Cuxa XLIII (2012). pp. 111–121, fig. 4, 7, 9, 14–16.
Kargère, Lucretia Goddard. "L’expérience américaine. À propos de quelques Vierges romanes." Technè 39 (2014). pp. 13, 16–21, fig. 4, 7.
"Local Traditions and Itinerant Artists? The Crucifixes of Auvergne and Wooden Sculpture in France during the Late Romanesque Period." Convivium: exchanges and interactions in the arts of Medieval Europe, Byzantium, and the Mediterranean IV, no. 2 (2017). pp. 60 n. 26, 65, 68, fig. 13.
Bolton, Andrew, ed. Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination. Vol. 2. New York: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2018. pp. 159, 184.
Kargère, Lucretia Goddard. "The Lavaudieu Corpus at The Cloisters." In Christ on the Cross: the Boston Crucifix and the Rise of Monumental Wood Sculpture, 970–1200, edited by Shirin Fozi, and Gerhard Lutz. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols Publishers, 2020. p. 297.
Lagane, Cécile. Meubles et ameublements médiévaux en Europe occidentale. Rennes: Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2023. fig. CI_72.
Little, Charles T., and Miguel Ayres de Campos. The McCarthy Collection: Sculpture. Vol. IV. London: Ad Ilissvm, 2024. fig. 30.1, 31.1, p. 82, 84, 86.
Conservator Lucretia Kargère discusses two twelfth-century sculptures in the Museum's collection that have been reunited at The Met Cloisters on the occasion of Heavenly Bodies: Fashion and the Catholic Imagination.
The Met's Libraries and Research Centers provide unparalleled resources for research and welcome an international community of students and scholars.
The Met Collection API is where all makers, creators, researchers, and dreamers can connect to the most up-to-date data and public domain images for The Met collection. Open Access data and public domain images are available for unrestricted commercial and noncommercial use without permission or fee.
Feedback
We continue to research and examine historical and cultural context for objects in The Met collection. If you have comments or questions about this object record, please complete and submit this form. The Museum looks forward to receiving your comments.
The Museum's collection of medieval and Byzantine art is among the most comprehensive in the world, encompassing the art of the Mediterranean and Europe from the fall of Rome to the beginning of the Renaissance.