The Spanish-born artist Salvador Dalí was officially allied with Surrealism from 1929 to 1941, and even afterward his work continued to reflect the influence of Surrealist thought and methodology. His flamboyance, flair for drama and self-promotion, and hyperactive imagination reinvigorated the movement and its public popularity. Dalí, who was given to hallucinations and paranoiac visions, cultivated these outrageous subjects for his paintings, rendering them so meticulously that they were unsettling in their clinical matter-of-factness. Such pictures exemplified the Surrealist preoccupation with dreams and the unconscious.
Painted in the summer of 1929, The Accommodations of Desire is a small gem that deals with Dalí's sexual anxieties over a love affair with an older, married woman. The woman, Gala, then the wife of the Surrealist poet Paul Éluard, became Dalí's life-long muse and mate. In this picture, which Dalí painted after taking a walk alone with Gala, he included seven enlarged pebbles on which he envisioned what lay ahead for him: "terrorizing" lions' heads (not so "accommodating" to his "desires" as the title of the painting facetiously suggests), as well as a toupee and a colony of ants (a symbol of decay). Also depicted are various vessels (one in the shape of a woman's head) and three figures embracing on a platform. Dalí did not paint the lion heads but, rather, cut them out from what must have been an illustrated children's book, slyly matching the latter's detailed style with his own. These collaged elements are virtually indistinguishable from the super-saturated color and painstaking realism of the rest of the composition, startling the viewer into questioning the existence of the phenomena recorded and of the representation as a whole.
Inscription: Signed and dated (lower left): Salvador Dali 1929
the artist, Paris (1929; sold in 1929 through the Galerie Goemans, Paris to Breton); André Breton, Paris (1929–34; sold in May 1934, for $175, to Levy); [Julien Levy Gallery, New York, 1934–45; stock no. 226; sold on January 18, 1945, for $3,500, to Ludington]; Wright S. Ludington, Santa Barbara, Calif. (1945–65; sold in 1965 to Levy); Julien Levy, Bridgewater, Conn. (1965–d. 1981; his estate sale, Sotheby Parke Bernet Inc., New York, November 4, 1981, no. 32, as "Accommodations of Desire," sold to E. V. Thaw, New York for Gelman); Jacques and Natasha Gelman, Mexico City and New York (1981–his d. 1986); Natasha Gelman, Mexico City and New York (1986–d. 1998; her bequest to MMA)
Paris. Galerie Goemans. "Dali," November 20–December 5, 1929, no. 2 (as "Les accommodations des désirs," lent by A. Breton).
Paris. Pierre Colle. "Exposition Salvador Dali," June 3–15, 1931, no. 5 (as "Les accommodations du désir," lent by a private collection).
Canary Islands. Ateneo de Santa Cruz de Tenerife. "Exposición surrealista," May 11–21, 1935, no. 5 (as "La libre inclinación del deseo").
Hartford, Conn. Wadsworth Atheneum. "The Painters of Still Life," January 25–February 15, 1938, no. 35 (lent by the Julien Levy Gallery, New York).
Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Salvador Dali," November 19, 1941–January 11, 1942, unnumbered cat. (pl. 5; as "Accommodations of Desire," lent by Julien Levy).
Indianapolis. John Herron Art Museum. "Salvador Dali," April 5–May 4, 1942, unnumbered cat.
San Francisco. California Palace of the Legion of Honor. "Salvador Dali," May 16–June 14, 1942, unnumbered cat.
San Francisco Museum of Art. "Wright S. Ludington Collection of Contemporary European and American Paintings and Sculpture," May 13–June 20, 1948, no catalogue.
Santa Barbara Museum of Art. "Fiesta Exhibition 1953: Picasso, Gris, Miro, Dali," August 4–30, 1953, no. 55 (lent by Wright Ludington).
Dickson Art Center, University of California, Los Angeles. "From the Ludington Collection," March 16–April 12, 1964, no. 11 (as "Accommodations of Desire").
Chicago. Richard Feigen Gallery. "Surrealism and Neo-Romanticism. Poetry in Painting 1931–1949: From the Collection of the Julien Levy Gallery, New York," November 10–December 18, 1965, not in catalogue [see Ref. Feigen 2000].
New York. Gallery of Modern Art. "Salvador Dali 1910–1965," December 18, 1965–February 28, 1966, extended to March 13, 1966, no. 245 (as "Accommodations of Desire," lent by Mr. and Mrs. Julien Levy, Bridgewater, Connecticut).
New York. M. Knoedler and Company. "Space and Dream," December 5–29, 1967, unnumbered cat. (p. 38; as "Accommodations of Desire," lent by Mr. and Mrs. Julien Levy).
Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Dada, Surrealism, and Their Heritage," March 27–June 9, 1968, no. 58 (as "Accommodations of Desire," lent by the Julien Levy Gallery, Inc., Bridgewater, Connecticut).
Los Angeles County Museum of Art. "Dada, Surrealism, and Their Heritage," July 16–September 8, 1968, no. 58.
Art Institute of Chicago. "Dada, Surrealism, and Their Heritage," October 19–December 8, 1968, no. 58.
New York. Sidney Janis Gallery. "Exhibition of Selected Works by XXth Century European Artists," January 8–February 1, 1969, no. 8 (as "Accommodations of Desire," lent by Julien Levy).
Rotterdam. Museum Boymans-van Beuningen. "Dalí," November 21, 1970–January 10, 1971, no. 11 (as "Accomodations [sic] des désirs," lent by Julien Levy, Bridgewater, Conn.).
Cleveland Museum of Art. "The Spirit of Surrealism," October 3–November 25, 1979, no. 54 (as "Accommodations of Desire," lent by Mr. and Mrs. Julien Levy).
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Twentieth-Century Modern Masters: The Jacques and Natasha Gelman Collection," December 12, 1989–April 1, 1990, unnumbered cat. (p. 186; as "The Accommodations of Desires").
London. Royal Academy of Arts. "Twentieth-Century Modern Masters: The Jacques and Natasha Gelman Collection," April 19–July 15, 1990, unnumbered cat.
Paris. Musée National d'Art Moderne, Centre Georges Pompidou. "André Breton, la beauté convulsive," April 25–August 26, 1991, unnumbered cat. (p. 279).
London. Hayward Gallery. "Salvador Dalí: The Early Years," March 3–May 30, 1994, no. 116 (as "The Accommodations of Desires [Les accommodations des desirs]").
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Salvador Dalí: The Early Years," June 28–September 18, 1994, no. 116.
Madrid. Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofía. "Dalí joven [1918-1930]," October 14, 1994–January 16, 1995, no. 153 (as "La acomodación de los deseos").
London. Tate Modern. "Surrealism: Desire Unbound," September 20, 2001–January 1, 2002, unnumbered cat. (fig. 2; as "The Accommodations of Desires [Les Accommodations des désirs"]).
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Surrealism: Desire Unbound," February 6–May 12, 2002, unnumbered cat.
Philadelphia Museum of Art. "Dalí: The Centenary Retrospective," February 16–May 15, 2005, no. 69 (as "Accommodations of Desire").
Cleveland Museum of Art. "Barcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudí, Miró, Dalí," October 15, 2006–January 7, 2007, no. 7:33 (as "Accommodations of Desire").
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Barcelona and Modernity: Gaudí to Dalí," March 7–June 3, 2007, no. 7:33.
London. Tate Modern. "Dalí and Film," June 1–September 9, 2007, unnumbered cat. (fig. 35).
Museum of Modern Art, New York. "Dalí: Painting and Film," June 29–September 15, 2008, unnumbered cat.
New York. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. "Fatal Attraction: Piotr Uklański Selects from the Met Collection," March 17–June 14, 2015, no catalogue.
Dallas. Meadows Museum, SMU. "Dalí: Poetics of the Small, 1929–1936," September 9–December 9, 2018, extended to January 6, 2019, no. 1.
Brussels. Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium. "Dalí & Magritte," October 11, 2019–February 16, 2020, no. 49.
Oslo. Munch Museum. "The Savage Eye," February 12–May 8, 2022, unnumbered cat. (pp. 62–63).
Tristan Tzara. "L'Homme approximatif (fragment)." La Révolution Surréaliste 5 (December 15, 1929), ill. pp. 18, 20 (detail), calls it "Les accommodations des désirs".
Julien Levy. Surrealism. New York, 1936, pp. 24–25, pl. 54, calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Marian Murray. "Avery Exhibit Elicits Acclaim; Reception Held." Hartford Times (January 26, 1938), p. 28.
Margaret Case Harriman. "Profiles: A Dream Walking." New Yorker (July 1, 1939), p. 24, calls it "the most clearly autobiographical of Dali's paintings," noting that the desert depicted in this painting is meant by the artist to be Figueres, his birthplace.
Salvador Dalí. The Secret Life of Salvador Dalí. New York, 1942, opp. p. 166, pp. 241–42, pl. V, calls it "The Accommodation of Desires".
James Thrall Soby. Salvador Dali. Exh. cat., Museum of Modern Art. 2nd rev. ed. (1st ed., 1941) New York, 1946, pp. 7–8, 10, ill. p. 35, locates it in the collection of Wright Ludington.
"San Francisco Sees the Ludington Collection." Art News 47 (June-July-August 1948), p. 45, ill.
Juan Antonio Gaya Nuño. Salvador Dalí. Barcelona, 1950, pp. 20, 44, pl. 9, locates it still in the Julien Levy collection.
Juan-Eduardo Cirlot. La pintura surrealista. Barcelona, 1955, p. 59.
Armand Lanoux. "Salvador Dalí 'Monstre Sacré'." Jardin des arts no. 11 (September 1955), ill. p. 686, erroneously locates it in the [Galerie] Goemans collection.
A. Reynolds Morse. Dali: A Study of His Life and Work. Greenwich, Conn., 1958, pp. 25–26, fig. 15.
Anna Balakian. Surrealism: The Road to the Absolute. New York, 1959, p. 156, calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Marcel Jean. The History of Surrealist Painting. New York, 1960, pp. 207, 371, ill. p. 202, calls it "Accommodations of Desire" and locates it in the collection of Wright Ludington.
Harriet Janis and Rudi Blesh. Collage: Personalities, Concepts, Techniques. Philadelphia, 1962, pp. 87, 288, fig. 92, call it "Accommodations of Desire".
Robert Descharnes. The World of Salvador Dali. New York, 1962, pp. 154, 222, 225, ill. (color), calls it "Accomodations [sic] of Desire" and locates it in the collection of Wright Ludington, Santa Barbara.
Paul H. Walton. Dali / Miró. New York, 1967, p. 23, colorpl. 6, calls it "Accommodations of Desire" and lists it still in a private collection, California.
William S. Rubin. Dada, Surrealism, and Their Heritage. Exh. cat., Museum of Modern Art. New York, 1968, pp. 113, 231, no. 58, fig. 149.
Max Gérard. Dalí de Draeger. [Paris], 1968, unpaginated, colorpl. 150, calls it "Accommodation du désir" and locates it still in the Ludington collection.
Herta Wescher. Collage. New York, 1968, p. 198, calls it "Accommodations of Desire" and locates it still in the Ludington collection.
Whitney Chadwick. "Masson's 'Gradiva': The Metamorphosis of a Surrealist Myth." Art Bulletin 52 (December 1970), p. 418, [reprinted in Chadwick, "Myth in Surrealist Painting, 1929–1939," Ann Arbor, 1980, p. 80].
Salvador Dalí. Dalí by Dalí. New York, 1970, ill. pp. 110–11, 116–17 (color details), calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Carlo Sala. Max Ernst et la démarche onirique. Paris, 1970, pp. 95–96, pl. 34.
René de Solier. "Dalí le fétichiste." XXe siècle 33 (June 1971), ill. p. 157.
William Rubin. Three Generations of Twentieth-Century Art: The Sidney and Harriet Janis Collection of The Museum of Modern Art. New York, 1972, p. 54, ill. p. 180.
Calvin Tomkins. The World of Marcel Duchamp, 1887–1968. Rev. ed. (1st ed., 1966). New York, 1972, pp. 138–39, ill. (color), calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Max Gérard. Dali... Dali... Dali. New York, 1974, colorpl. 81, calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Salvador Dalí. The Unspeakable Confessions of Salvador Dalí. Ed. André Parinaud. New York, 1976, pp. 92, 292, calls it "L'Accommodation du désir (Accommodations of Desire)".
Robert Descharnes. Salvador Dali. New York, 1976, pp. 23–24.
Julien Levy. Memoir of an Art Gallery. New York, 1977, pp. 72, 145, 258, recounts that he purchased this picture from André Breton and sold it to Wright Ludington, who later sold it back to him in the 1960s.
Edward B. Henning. The Spirit of Surrealism. Exh. cat., Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, 1979, pp. 99, 102, 172, no. 54, ill. p. 100.
Daniel Abadie, ed. Salvador Dalí rétrospective 1920–1980. Exh. cat., Centre Georges Pompidou, Musée national d'art moderne. Paris, 1979, p. 129, colorpl. 58, calls it "Les accommodations des désirs".
Simon Wilson. Salvador Dalí. Exh. cat., Tate Gallery. London, 1980, colorpl. iii, calls it "The Accommodations of Desires".
Nicolas Calas. "Salvador Dali, le Mythomane." Hommage à Dali. Ed. Alain Jouffroy. Paris, 1980, p. 94, ill. p. 90, calls it "L'Accommodation du désir" in the text and "Accommodation des désirs" in the caption.
Lydia Gasman. "Mystery, Magic and Love in Picasso, 1925–1938: Picasso and the Surrealist Poets." PhD diss., Columbia University, 1981, vol. 2, p. 663.
Rita Reif. "Auctions: Fall Season Previewed." New York Times (September 4, 1981), p. C19.
Rita Reif. "Auctions: A Low Volume but a High Yield." New York Times (November 8, 1981), p. 67.
Jean-Charles Gateau. Paul Éluard et la Peinture Surréaliste (1910–1939). Geneva, 1982, p. 173, fig. 37, erroneously locates it still in the Wright Ludington collection.
Dawn Ades. Dalí and Surrealism. New York, 1982, pp. 7, 65, 78–80, 83, 120, 211, fig. 65 (color), calls it "Accommodations of Desire," 1926, in a private collection.
Carter Ratcliff. "Swallowing Dalí." Artforum 21 (September 1982), pp. 33–34, calls it "The Accommodations of Desires".
Meryle Secrest. Salvador Dalí. New York, 1986, pp. 112, 137.
Sabine Rewald inTwentieth-Century Modern Masters: The Jacques and Natasha Gelman Collection. Ed. William S. Lieberman. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1989, pp. 186–88, 297–98, ill. (color and bw).
William S. Lieberman inTwentieth-Century Modern Masters: The Jacques and Natasha Gelman Collection. Ed. William S. Lieberman. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1989, p. 15, recounts that E. V. Thaw purchased this picture on behalf of Jacques Gelman at Sotheby's in 1981 [see Provenance].
Dawn Ades inTwentieth-Century Modern Masters: The Jacques and Natasha Gelman Collection. Ed. William S. Lieberman. Exh. cat., The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 1989, pp. 43–46.
Carlton Lake. In Quest of Dalí. (1st ed., 1969). New York, 1990, p. 67.
Paul Moorhouse. Dalí. London, 1990, pp. 17–18, 40, ill. pp. 40–41 (color), calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Luis Romero. Psicodálico Dalí. Barcelona, 1991, pp. 69–70, ill. (color).
Meredith Etherington-Smith. Dalí: A Biography. London, 1992, p. 147, colorpl. 8.
André Breton. Conversations: The Autobiography of Surrealism. (1st ed., Paris, 1952). New York, 1993, pp. 121–22 (1952 radio interview with André Parinaud).
Briony Fer. "Surrealism, Myth and Psychoanalysis." Realism, Rationalism, Surrealism: Art between the Wars. New Haven, 1993, pp. 171–72, 200, colorpl. 154, calls it "Accomodations of Desires".
Robert Descharnes and Gilles Néret. Salvador Dalí, 1904–1989: The Paintings. Vol. 2, 1946–1989. Cologne, 1994, p. 748, no. 324, call it "Accomodations [sic] of Desire (L'accomodation [sic] du désir)" and locate it in a private collection.
Robert Descharnes and Gilles Néret. Salvador Dalí, 1904–1989: The Paintings. Vol. 1, 1904–1946. Cologne, 1994, no. 324, ill. p. 148 (color).
Dawn Ades inSalvador Dalí: The Early Years. Ed. Michael Raeburn. Exh. cat., Hayward Gallery. London, 1994, pp. 154, 157, 160 n. 50, p. 239, no. 116, ill. pp. 152 (detail), 184 (color).
William S. Lieberman, ed. De Matisse à Picasso: Collection Jacques et Natasha Gelman. Exh. cat., Fondation Pierre Gianadda. Martigny, 1994, pp. 25, 34, 64, 69, 210–12, 321, ill. (color and bw), [reprints Refs. Lieberman, Ades, Rewald 1989; not in exhibition].
George Melly. "The Surreal Thing." Art Review 45 (March 1994), p. 20, ill. p. 18 (color).
Montserrat Aguer and Fèlix Fanés inSalvador Dalí: The Early Years. Ed. Michael Raeburn. Exh. cat., Hayward Gallery. London, 1994, p. 42.
Ian Gibson inSalvador Dalí: The Early Years. Ed. Michael Raeburn. Exh. cat., Hayward Gallery. London, 1994, p. 57.
Christopher Masters. Dalí. London, 1995, p. 13, fig. 8.
Haim Finkelstein. Salvador Dali's Art and Writing, 1927–1942. Cambridge, England, 1996, pp. 97–98, 102–3, 113, 142, 282 n. 17, p. 284 n. 10, fig. 23, calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Ralf Schiebler. Dalí: Genius, Obsession and Lust. Munich, 1996, pp. 44–45, 126, ill. (color), calls it "The Accommodations of Desires".
Robert Radford. Dalí. London, 1997, pp. 77, 128–29, fig. 82 (color).
Judith H. Dobrzynski. "20th Century Art Treasures Are Left to Met." New York Times (May 6, 1998), p. B6, ill.
Andrew Decker. "Metropolitan: Une Exceptionnelle donation." Beaux Arts no. 170 (July 1998), p. 24.
H. H. Arnason. History of Modern Art: Painting, Sculpture, Architecture, Photography. Ed. Marla F. Prather and Daniel Wheeler. Rev. 4th ed. (1st ed., 1968). New York, 1998, pp. 318–19, colorpl. 174.
Dawn Ades inSalvador Dalí: A Mythology. Exh. cat., Tate Gallery Liverpool. London, 1998, p. 39.
David Lomas inSalvador Dalí: A Mythology. Exh. cat., Tate Gallery Liverpool. London, 1998, p. 86.
Susan Budd. "The Shark Behind the Sofa: The Psychoanalytic Theory of Dreams." History Workshop Journal no. 48 (Autumn 1999), p. 136, fig. 1, erroneously dates it 1926.
Sabine Rewald in "Recent Acquisitions. A Selection: 1999–2000." Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin 58 (Fall 2000), p. 56, ill. (color).
Richard Feigen. Tales from the Art Crypt: The Painters, the Museums, the Curators, the Collectors, the Auctions, the Art. New York, 2000, p. 173, ill., notes that this picture was lent by Ludington to Exh. Chicago 1965, during which time Ludington sold it back to Julien Levy.
Eric M. Zafran inDalí's Optical Illusions. Ed. Dawn Ades. Exh. cat., Wadsworth Atheneum Museum of Art. Hartford, Conn., 2000, pp. 52–53, fig. 55, calls it "The Accommodation of Desires".
David Lomas. The Haunted Self: Surrealism, Psychoanalysis, Subjectivity. New Haven, 2000, pp. 148, 242 n. 29, fig. 78 (color).
Roberta Smith. "In a Brash Yet Refined School, Everyone Belongs Together." New York Times (June 15, 2001), p. E37.
Gérard Durozoi. History of the Surrealist Movement. (1st ed., Paris, 1997). Chicago, 2002, p. 184, ill. p. 143 (color), calls it "L'Accommodation du désir (The Accommodation of Desire)".
Gilles Néret. Salvador Dalí 1904–1989. Cologne, 2002, pp. 24, 26, 94, ill. (color), calls it "Accommodations of Desire" and lists it still in a private collection.
André Breton. Surrealism and Painting. (1st ed., Paris, 1928). Boston, 2002, ill. p. 73.
Betty Ann Brown. Gradiva's Mirror: Reflections on Women, Surrealism and Art History. New York, 2002, pp. 174–75.
Robert Hughes. The Portable Dalí. New York, 2003, pp. 413, 417, ill. p. 79 (color), calls it "Accommodations of Desire" and locates it still in a private collection.
Marco Di Capua. Salvador Dalí: Su Vida, Su Obra. (1st ed., Milan, 1994). Barcelona, 2003, pp. 21, 83, 105, ill. (color).
Brandon Taylor. Collage: The Making of Modern Art. New York, 2004, pp. 70–72, fig. 66 (color).
Montse Aguer, with Carme Ruiz, and Teresa Moner in Dawn Ades. Dalí: The Centenary Retrospective. Exh. cat., Palazzo Grassi, Venice. London, 2004, p. 479, note that before the opening of Exh. Paris 1929, the Galerie Goemans sold this work to André Breton.
Michael R. Taylor in Dawn Ades. Dalí: The Centenary Retrospective. Exh. cat., Palazzo Grassi, Venice. London, 2004, pp. 122–23, no. 69, ill. (color).
Fèlix Fanés. La Pintura y sus sombras: Cuatro estudios sobre Salvador Dalí. Teruel, Spain, 2004, pp. 60–62, 88–89, 92, ill.
Beatriz Fernández Ruiz. De Rabelais a Dalí: La Imagen Grotesca del Cuerpo. València, 2004, p. 187, ill. p. 258, locates it still in a private collection.
Enric Bou. Daliccionario: Objetos, mitos y símbolos de Salvador Dalí. Barcelona, 2004, pp. 81, 135–36, 155, 194, pl. 14.
Jean-Louis Gaillemin. Dalí: The Impresario of Surrealism. (1st ed., Paris, 2002). London, 2004, pp. 42, 49, 52–53, 58, ill. (color), calls it "Accommodations of Desire".
Roberta Smith. "A Brazen Visionary with a Surreal Self." New York Times (February 18, 2005), pp. E33, E38, ill.
Ralf Schiebler. Dalí: The Reality of Dreams. Munich, 2005, pp. 44, 126, ill. p. 45 (color).
William Jeffett in William H. Robinson et al. Barcelona and Modernity: Picasso, Gaudí, Miró, Dalí. Exh. cat., Cleveland Museum of Art. Cleveland, 2006, pp. 348–49, 351, 487, no. 7:33, fig. 1 (color), notes the subtle change in this picture's title from its first exhibition in 1929 to its second in 1931, when "the desires were rendered grammatically singular".
Dawn Ades inDalí & Film. Ed. Matthew Gale. Exh. cat., Tate Modern. London, 2007, pp. 21–22.
Matthew Gale inDalí & Film. Ed. Matthew Gale. Exh. cat., Tate Modern. London, 2007, pp. 67, 87, 232, fig. 35 (color).
William Jeffett inDalí & Film. Ed. Matthew Gale. Exh. cat., Tate Modern. London, 2007, p. 124.
Roger Cardinal. "Exhibition Reviews: Dalí & Film." Burlington Magazine 149 (August 2007), p. 562.
Montse Aguer. Los tesoros de Salvador Dalí. Barcelona, 2009, p. 23, fig. 33 (color).
William Jeffett. Dalí Doubled: From Surrealism to the Self. A New Critical View of Dalí. St. Petersburg, Fla., 2010, pp. 86, 316, fig. 51 (color).
Javier Pérez Segura. Scandal & Success. Picasso, Dalí y Miró en Estados Unidos (El Instituto Carnegie y otros relatos americanos). Madrid, 2012, p. 191 n. 19, pp. 192, 205 n. 4.
Roger Rothman. Tiny Surrealism: Salvador Dalí and the Aesthetics of the Small. Lincoln, Neb., 2012, pp. 67, 78, 90, 96, fig. 18.
Kathryn Calley Galitz. The Metropolitan Museum of Art Masterpiece Paintings. New York, 2016, p. 524, ill. (color), colorpl. 446.
Carme Ruiz and Rosa Aguer in Fundació Gala-Salvador Dalí. Catalogue Raisonné of Paintings by Salvador Dalí. Online resource [salvador-dali.org], 2017 (ongoing), no. P 239, ill. (color).
Shelley DeMaria inDalí: Poetics of the Small, 1929–1936. Ed. Mark A. Roglán and Shelley DeMaria. Exh. cat., Meadows Museum, SMU. Dallas, 2018, pp. 27–28, 30, 92, 94, 122, no. 1, figs. 83, 84 (color details), ill. p. 93 (color).
Claire Barry and Peter Van de Moortel inDalí: Poetics of the Small, 1929–1936. Ed. Mark A. Roglán and Shelley DeMaria. Exh. cat., Meadows Museum, SMU. Dallas, 2018, pp. 70, 72, 78–79, 85–88, figs. 66, 80 (detail color photomicrographs).
Michel Draguet inDalí & Magritte. Exh. cat., Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium. Brussels, 2019, pp. 42, 44, no. 49, ill. (color) and ill. p. 135 (color).
Danielle M. Johnson inDalí & Magritte. Exh. cat., Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium. Brussels, 2019, pp. 64, 74 n. 33.
William Jeffett inDalí & Magritte. Exh. cat., Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium. Brussels, 2019, p. 220.
Max Hollein. Modern and Contemporary Art in The Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York, 2019, ill. p. 66 (color).
Salvador Dalí (Spanish, Figueres 1904–1989 Figueres)
ca. 1945
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